Abrar Abrar

Materials

Abc computer with projector

Main Aims

  • To provide clarification and review of past modals in the context of speculations

Subsidiary Aims

  • To provide practice of past modals

Procedure

Warmer/Lead-in (3-5 minutes) • To set lesson context and engage students

-Teacher reads a dialogue and asks students to listen: A: You should have studied more. B: _I could have studied more, but I spent all my time playing. _If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.

Exposure (8-10 minutes) • To provide context for the target language through a text or situation

-Teacher says: We use past modals to talk about actions in the past, but it didn't happen as we heard in the dialogue . (should have studied, could have studied, would have passed) All of these actions didn't happen.

Clarification (20-25 minutes) • To clarify the meaning, form and pronunciation of the target language

(Should have) -Teacher shows the students a picture. -Teacher shows the context: *You should have been here two hours ago. -CCQs *Did he arrive at time? (No) *Is he talking about now or the past? (The past) *Did the action happen correctly? (No) -Teacher says: This form is used to talk about past mistakes and make recommendations / strongly criticize past actions. -Teacher goes back to the sentence and elicit the sentence stress (ago). -Teacher says the sentence 2 or 3 times then asks the students to repeat it all together, then in groups, then individually. -Teacher shows them the form: You should have been here two hours ago. S + should have + P.P + O . (Could have) -Teacher shows the students a picture. -Teacher show the context: *I could have been a professional dancer, but I broke my leg when I was 17. -CCQs *Is she talking about now or the past? (The past) *Is this her ability? (Yes) *Did the action happen? (No) -Teacher says: This form is used to talk about capability in the past or express unfulfilled possibility (it was possible for something to happen but it eventually didn't) -Teacher says the sentence 2 or 3 times then asks the students to repeat it all together, then in groups, then individually. -Teacher shows them the form: I could have been a professional dancer. S + Could have + P.P + O . (Would have) - Teacher shows the students the picture. -Teacher shows the context: *If I had passed my exams, I would have become a doctor. -CCQs *Did he pass the exams? (No) *Did the action happen now? (No) *Did he become a doctor? (No) -Teacher says shows them the form: I would have become a doctor. S + Would have + P.P + O .

Controlled Practice (5-8 minutes) • To concept check and prepare students for more meaningful practice

-Teacher says read the dialogue in your book page 76 then complete the following sentences about what does Amelia say? Amelia says: 1_I shouldn't ........ (have lost my temper). 2_I could ....... (have told him not to call again). 3_What would you ....... (have done). -Teacher asks the students: What do you you think about her behavior? Complete the following sentences: I think 1_Amelia shouldn't ........ (have been mad.) 2_I would have ............ (have been more polite.) 3_I wouldn't ......... (have yelled at him.)

Free Practice (5-8 minutes) • To provide students with free practice of the target language

Teacher says: Make a discussion with your partner to compare your answers you have 5 minutes. ICQs *Are you going to write the comparison or discuss it? (Discuss) *Are you going to work in pairs or in groups? (In pairs) *How much time do you have? (5 Mins)

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