Ask students what is something they should have done or shouldn't have done. Example: I should have visited my grandparents more. I shouldn't have started smoking. Ask students why they answered the way that they did.

Show Ss a gif of Elena. Tell Ss they will a story. Then they will pick a title for the story. Direct students to Google Forms Modal Verbs 1. They will have 3 minutes to read the story. Elena had been working at the consulting firm for three years when the senior analyst position opened up. She'd prepared meticulously for her presentation to the board—staying late every night, refining her proposals, even practicing her delivery with a colleague. The morning of her presentation, her manager pulled her aside. "I need to tell you something. David from the London office has also applied. He must have heard about the opening through corporate channels." Elena's stomach dropped. David had an impeccable reputation. Her presentation went smoothly, but Elena couldn't shake her anxiety. Walking out, she muttered to herself, "I should have networked more with the executives. I've been so focused on the work itself that I've neglected the politics." Two weeks of silence followed. Elena's mind raced with possibilities. "They might have already decided on David. Maybe my technical skills aren't enough at this level." Finally, her manager called her in. "Congratulations. The position is yours." Elena was stunned. "But what about David?" "David can do the technical work brilliantly, but you demonstrated strategic thinking and leadership potential. That's what we need right now." Elena realized that sometimes, authenticity and vision matter more than playing the game. After reading go to multiple choice under the story. Give Ss two minutes / Go over result / Ask why it couldn't be 1, 3, or 4.

Go to slide three in Google Presentation. Have a student read the first sentence. In number one, what is the main verb? (Heard). Which is the modal verb? (Must have) Have a different student read sentence two. So what is must have expressing? Certainty / Might? Possibility / Can? Ability / Should have? Regret.

Go to slide 4. Student reads. Ask if a base verb is a conjugated verb. No. It's the infinitive form without "to." It's what you see in the dictionary. It's the simplest form of a verb, like go, eat, think. Go to slide 5. Ask a student which is the subject. Ask another which is the modal verb. That leaves swim as the base form of the verb. Go to slide 6. Ask a student to unscramble the sentence. Do the same for slide 7. Go to slide 8. Ss need to fill in the blanks. Everyone has their own slide. Give Ss three minutes. Have different Ss read the correct version. Go to slide 13. Complete the matching column. Two minutes. Go over in open class asking a different student what is each correct definition. Go slide 19. Ask if these sentences are positive or negative. (Positive) Ask Ss for the negative versions. Pronunciation -- Go to slide 19. Student mark the stress. Each student gets their own slide. Say each sentence twice. Then go over in open class. Go to slide 25. Say the sentence with letters/words missing. Ss tell me what's missing. Do the same with slide 26.

Look at slide 32. You are going to work in pairs discussing a missed opportunity. Have students read the different lines. A Missed Opportunity Think of a time when you didn't take an opportunity (a job, a trip, meeting someone, learning something). What happened? What do you think might have happened if you had taken it? What should you have done differently? Useful Sentence Starters "I should have..." "Looking back, I must have been..." "That might have been..." "Now I can..." "You should have..." "It might be better to..."

A Missed Opportunity Think of a time when you didn't take an opportunity (a job, a trip, meeting someone, learning something). What happened? What do you think might have happened if you had taken it? What should you have done differently? Useful Sentence Starters "I should have..." "Looking back, I must have been..." "That might have been..." "Now I can..." "I should have..." "It might be better to..." Afterwards complete DEC in open class.