Refer back to Frane's story and ask some questions about it like; was he lucky or unlucky?, was his story interesting or not?. Then ask question that will lead to past perfect like; how did he survive when his car exploded? the answer; he had jumped out, or how did he survive the plane crash? the answer; he had jumped out of the plane. Then show them time line for the events to indicate where did the actions happened, later put some sentences on the board, and ask students to come to the board, and put the events in the correct order. Ask the students to write three sentences using past perfect.

Write some student's sentences on the board, correct them if there is any mistakes, and draw time line to elicit the use of past perfect ( to talk about completed actions in the past that happened before other actions in the past ) and that could be done by asking some questions like; which action happened first, did it happened so much time before the other action( the answer here should be we do not know to indicate that it might be at any point before the other action), then I can ask which tense did we use to talk about the first action, first let them discuss the answer then give feedback.

Again refer to one of the students' sentences, ask them first what is the past simple consisted of ( S+V2) which they are familiar with, then let them guess the form of past perfect ( S + had + V3), and make sure that they know what verb 3 is ie regular by adding ed, and irregular by looking at the third column of irregular verbs list. Then elicit the negative and question form by asking them how can we do it. Drill one or two sentences to make sure of pronunciation, and show them the contraction form of subject and had by showing them my hand's fingers and mention to the ones that represent the subject and had then bring them together.

Give students some handouts and ask them to do the exercise the individually, then get them to compare their answers with their partners before giving feedback. Students here will be offered two exercises to do.

Give the students handouts with extracts from two newspaper stories, and ask them to use their imagination to answer the questions which follow each extract, and remind them to use past perfect tense when they are answering the question, for example, why had the ambulance gone to the flat?. Maybe because someone had had a heart attack.