Ask: “What phrases do people use when they talk about regrets?” “What do they say when something goes wrong and they explain it later?” Instructor elicits examples and writes on board: “I should have…” “If I had known…” “We could’ve done more…” “Things would be different if…”

First Viewing (with subtitles): Listen for: What happened What could have been done What’s being done now because of it 🟢 Pair Discussion (3–5 mins): What were the key events? Did anyone express regret or suggest another possible outcome? 🟢 Second Viewing: Students underline: Conditional phrases Phrases with past perfect or hypothetical reasoning

On the board: Students help extract examples from the video (e.g., “If they had arrived earlier…”, “We would’ve seen signs sooner…”) Quick check: Class identifies which type of conditional each phrase is Discussion: Was it a reflection on a past mistake? A current effect?

Final discussion prompt: “What lesson did the speaker learn?” “How would you explain their experience to someone else?”